Architecture Overview
Architecture Overview of Qsafe Wallet
Qsafe Wallet is designed with a modular, secure, and scalable architecture inspired by the principles of Core PoW chain and a light weight wallet. The architecture ensures high Quantum Security, performance, reliability, and security while providing a seamless user experience. Below is the comprehensive architecture overview.
1. Core Components
1.1 Wallet Client
The wallet client is the primary interface for end users, providing functionalities like:
Managing QRN Coin cryptocurrency funds.
Sending/receiving transactions.
Viewing transaction history.
Configuring wallet settings.
Features:
Cross-platform compatibility.
Windows, Ubuntu and (MacOs coming soon).
Lightweight with no need to download the full blockchain.
Connects to remote servers for real-time blockchain interaction.
1.2 Qsafe Server
Qsafe Servers serve as intermediaries between the wallet client and the blockchain.
Tasks:
Synchronize with the blockchain (Core PoW Layer 1).
Provide wallet balance updates.
Fetch transaction details.
Handle payment requests.
Broadcast signed transactions to the blockchain.
Key Features:
High availability and redundancy using multiple servers.
Implements SPV (Simple Payment Verification) for lightweight blockchain verification.
1.3 Core PoW Layer 1 (Blockchain Network)
The wallet relies on a Core Proof-of-Work (PoW) Layer 1 blockchain, such as Bitcoin, for decentralized ledger management.
Features:
Consensus Mechanism: PoW ensures trustless transaction validation.
Transaction Security: Ensures immutability and resistance to double-spending.
Data: Stores transaction data, UTXOs, and block headers.
1.4 Database
The Qsafe server uses a high-performance database for:
Storing UTXOs.
Indexing transaction histories.
Maintaining wallet metadata and transaction fees.
Supported Databases:
LevelDB for optimized performance.
2. Architectural Layers
2.1 Presentation Layer (Wallet Client)
This layer provides a user interface for interacting with the wallet built with PyQT.
2.2 Middleware Layer (Qsafe Server)
The middleware layer bridges the wallet client and the blockchain. It includes:
Server-Side APIs: REST and WebSocket APIs for client-server communication.
Sync Engine: Syncs blockchain data with wallet state in real time.
2.3 Blockchain Layer (Core PoW Layer 1)
This layer handles decentralized transaction validation, ledger maintenance, and consensus.
3. Deployment Architecture
3.1 Wallet Deployment
Desktop Wallets: Distributed as platform-specific binaries (e.g., .exe, .AppImage)
3.2 Qsafe Server Deployment
Qsafe Server is deployed on scalable infrastructure:
Containerized Deployment: Using Docker for easy scaling and replication.
Load Balancer: Ensures high availability and load distribution across multiple servers.
Geographical Redundancy: Servers deployed in multiple regions to minimize latency.
3.3 Core PoW Blockchain Integration
Qsafe Wallet integrates with the Core PoW blockchain via:
Full Nodes: Qsafe Servers connect with full nodes to synchronize with the blockchain.
SPV (Simple Payment Verification): Wallets verify transactions without downloading the full blockchain.
Mempool Monitoring: Tracks pending transactions to optimize fee estimation.
4. Security Considerations
4.1 Data Encryption
Private Key Storage: Encrypted with AES.
Wallet Files: Encrypted on disk with user-defined passwords.
4.2 Server-Side Security
TLS and SSL Encryption: Ensures secure client-server communication.
DDoS Protection: Implemented via reverse proxies like NGINX and Cloudflare.
Access Control: Uses role-based access for server administration.
4.3 Decentralized Validation
The reliance on Core PoW ensures decentralized, trustless transaction validation, reducing the risk of centralized failures.
5. Advanced Features
5.1 Multi-Signature Wallets (upcoming)
Supports wallets requiring multiple signatures for transactions, enhancing security.
5.2 Hardware Wallet Integration (Upcoming)
Compatible with hardware wallets like Trezor and Ledger for cold storage.
5.3 Lightning Network Support (Upcoming)
Plans to integrate Layer 2 scaling solutions for faster and cheaper transactions.
6. Workflow Diagram
6.1 Transaction Workflow
User creates a transaction: Enter recipient address and amount in the wallet.
Wallet signs the transaction: Uses private keys stored securely on the device.
Transaction sent to Qsafe Server: Broadcast to the Core PoW network.
Blockchain validates transaction: Added to a block via PoW mining.
Transaction status updated: Wallet fetches confirmation status from the server.
7. Scalability and Future Enhancements
7.1 Scalability
Horizontal Scaling: Add more Qsafe Servers to handle increased client connections.
7.2 Future Enhancements
Cross-Chain Support: Enable interactions with both Layer-1 & Layer-2
Custom Token Integration: Allow users to manage Other cryptocurrency on Quranium Layer-2.
AI-Powered Fee Estimation: Leverage machine learning for real-time fee optimization on Layer-2.
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